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"LED TV" redirects here. For true LED displays, see LED display. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009) Comparison of LCD, edge lit LED and LED TVs. An LED-backlight LCD television is an LCD television, flat panel display that uses LED backlighting instead of the Cold cathode (CCFL) used in traditional LCD televisions. It is not a true LED display but is called "LED TV" by some manufacturers.[1] The use of LED backlighting has a dramatic impact, resulting in a thinner panel, less power consumption and better heat dissipation, and a brighter display with better contrast levels. The LEDs can come in three forms Dynamic RGB LEDs which are positioned behind the panel White Edge-LEDs positioned around the rim of the screen using a special diffusion panel to spread the light evenly behind the screen (the most common) A full-array of LEDS which are arranged behind the screen but are incapable of dimming or brightening individually Contents 1 LED backlighting techniques 1.1 RGB dynamic LEDs 1.2 Edge-LEDs 1.3 Full Array LEDs 2 Differences between LED-backlit and CCFL-backlit LCD displays 3 Technology 3.1 Flicker due to backlight dimming 4 References 5 External links LED backlighting techniques An LED-backlit TV. RGB dynamic LEDs This method of backlighting allows dimming to occur in locally specific areas of darkness on the screen. This can show truer blacks, whites and PRs[clarification needed] at much higher dynamic contrast ratios, at the cost of less detail in small, bright objects on a dark background, such as star fields.[2] Edge-LEDs This method of backlighting allows for LED-backlit TVs to become extremely thin. The light is diffused across the screen by a special panel which produces a uniform brightness distribution across the screen. Full Array LEDs Many brands use LED backlighting technology and may offer a range of benefits over CCFL LCD TVs such as reduced energy consumption, better contrast and brightness, greater colour range, more rapid response to changes in scene and a capacity to provide the means to render an image more accurately.[3] Differences between LED-backlit and CCFL-backlit LCD displays Compared to CCFL-backlit LCD displays, LED-backlit LCD TVs and computer displays:[4] Produce images with greater dynamic contrast. With Edge-LED lighting they can be extremely slim. Models on the market can be approximately one inch thick. Offer a wider color gamut when RGB-LED backlighting is used.[5] Less environmental pollution on disposal. Higher price. Generally 20-30% lower power consumption. Improved reliability. Technology TV manufacturers can use an LED backlight instead of the Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (LCD-CCFL) used in most LCD televisions. LCD-based televisions described as 'LED TVs' are different from self-illuminating Organic light-emitting diode (OLED), OEL or AMOLED display technologies. In the UK, the ASA (Advertising Standards Authority) has made it clear in prior correspondence that it does not object to the use of the term 'LED TV', but does require it to be clarified in any advertising. There are several methods of backlighting an LCD panel using LEDs including the use of either White or RGB (Red, Green and Blue) LED arrays positioned behind the panel; and Edge-LED lighting, which uses white LEDs arranged around the inside frame of the TV along with a light diffusion panel to spread the light evenly behind the LCD panel. The variations of LED backlighting do offer different benefits. The first commercial LED backlit LCD TV was the Sony Qualia 005 (introduced in 2004) and featured RGB LED arrays to produce a color gamut around twice that of a conventional CCFL LCD television. This is possible because the red, green and blue LEDs have very sharp spectral peaks which, combined with the LCD panel filters results in significantly less bleed-though to adjacent color channels. In this way, the unwanted bleed-through channels do not "whiten" the desired color as much, resulting in a larger gamut. RGB LED technology continues to be used on selected Sony BRAVIA LCD models, with the addition of 'local dimming' which enables excellent on-screen contrast through selectively turning off the LEDs behind dark parts of a picture frame. LED backlighting employing so-called "white" LEDs produce a broader spectrum source feeding the individual LCD panel filters that is more similar to CCFL sources, and hence result in a more limited display gamut than RGB LEDs. However the lower cost of the composite solution outweighs the advantages for much of the consumer market. Edge LED lighting was first introduced by Sony (September 2008) on the 40 inch BRAVIA KLV-40ZX1M (referred to as the ZX1 in Europe). The principal benefit of Edge-LED lighting for LCD televisions is the ability to build thinner housings (the BRAVIA KLV-40ZX1M is as thin as 9.9mm). Others, including Samsung have also introduced Edge-LED lit LCD televisions with extremely thin housings. The Samsung LED8000 Smart TV features a .2” bezel and is backlit with LED technology.[6] LED-backlit LCD TVs are considered a more sustainable choice, with a longer life and better energy efficiency than plasmas and conventional LCD TVs.[7] Unlike CCFL backlights, LEDs also use no mercury in their manufacture. However, other elements such as gallium and arsenic are used in the manufacture of the LED emitters themselves, meaning there is some debate over whether they are a significantly better long term solution to the problem of TV disposal. Because LEDs are able to be switched on and off more quickly than CCFL displays and can offer a higher light output, it is theoretically possible to offer very high contrast ratios. They can produce deep blacks (LEDs off) and a high brightness (LEDs on). However, measurements made from pure black and pure white outputs complicated by Edge-LED lighting not allowing these outputs to be reproduced simultaneously on-screen. In September 2009 Nanoco Group announced that it has signed a joint development agreement with a major Japanese electronics company under which it will design and develop quantum dots for LED Backlights in LCD televisions.[8] Quantum dots are valued for displays, because they emit light in very specific gaussian distributions. This can result in a display that more accurately renders the colors that the human eye can perceive. Flicker due to backlight dimming LED backlights are often dimmed by applying pulse-width modulation to the supply current, switching the backlight off and on again like a fast strobe light. If the frequency of the pulse-width modulation is too low and or the user is very sensitive to flicker, this may cause discomfort and eye-strain, similar to the flicker of CRT displays.[9][10] This can be tested by a user simply by waving a hand or object in front of the screen. If the object appears to have sharply-defined edges as it moves, the backlight is strobing on and off at a fairly low frequency. If the object appears blurry, the display either has a continuously-illuminated backlight or it is operating at a frequency that is too high for the brain to perceive. The flicker can be reduced or eliminated by setting the display to full brightness, though this has a negative impact on image quality and battery life due to increased power consumption. References ^ These include Samsung Electronics, Panasonic, Toshiba, Philips, LG Electronics, ProScan, Kogan, Sony and Vizio. ^ Scott Wilkinson. "Ultimate Vizio". UltimateAVmag.com. Posted Fri May 29, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-16. ^ http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/elex/7/1/40/_pdf Bong-Ryeol Park and Ho-Young Cha, “Thermal consideration in LED array design for LCD backlight unit applications”, IEICE Electron. Express, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.40-46, (2010). ^ LED vs LCD TV Comparison ^ Dell Studio XPS 16: Highest Color Gamut Ever?. Anandtech.com, 2009-02-26 ^ ["http://www.samsung.com/us/video/tvs/UN55D8000YFXZA-features"55" Class (54.6" Diag.) LED 8000 Series Smart TV] ^ "Samsung.com". Samsung.com. http://www.samsung.com/us/productsubtype/led/. Retrieved 2009-05-17.  ^ "Nanoco PR: "Nanoco Signs Agreement with Major Japanese Electronics Company"". http://www.nanocogroup.com/content/Library/NewsandEvents/articles/Nanoco_Signs_Agreement_with_Major_Japanese_Electronics_Company/136.aspx.  ^ Flickering LED Screen on my X200 Tablet Post on Lenovo's support forum, 2009-03-17 ^ Migraine headaches from LED backlighting in x200t Post on Lenovo's support forum, 2008-03-12 v · d · eDisplay technology Video displays Current generation Electroluminescent display (ELD) · Vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) · Light emitting diode display (LED) · Cathode ray tube (CRT) · Liquid crystal display (LCD) (TFT · LED · Blue Phase) · Plasma display panel (PDP) (ALiS) · Digital light processing (DLP) · Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) Next generation Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) · Organic light-emitting transistor (OLET) · Surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED) · Field emission display (FED) · Laser TV (Quantum dot · Liquid crystal) · MEMS display (iMoD · TMOS · DMS) · Quantum dot display (QD-LED) · Ferro liquid display (FLD) · Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent (TDEL) · Telescopic pixel display (TPD) · Laser phosphor display (LPD) Non-video Electromechanical (Flip-dot · Split-flap · Vane) · Electronic paper · Rollable · Eggcrate · Nixie tube · Light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) 3D display Stereoscopic · Autostereoscopic · Hologram (Holographic display · Computer-generated holography) · Volumetric (Swept-volume) · Free-space · Multi-layer Static media Movie projector · Neon sign · Rollsign · Slide projector · Transparency · Laser beam Related articles Display examples · Large-screen television technology · Optimum HDTV viewing distance · High dynamic range imaging (HDRI) Comparison of display technology External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: LED-backlit LCD television